The war sector in Byzantium underwent constant developments in both inventing new weapons and improving the existing ones, in an effort to precedent over the opponent and to confront his aggressiveness.

The atomic armaments of the warriors varied depending on the season, type and importance of their military unit. There were even special state workshops for the manufacture of weapons, the armamenta, while the possession and trade of weapons by individuals was strictly prohibited.

The byzantine weapons can be divided into defensive and offensive ones. Part of the defensive equipment is the armor that included the iron helmet, the iron, chained or scaly breastplate that protected the torso, the protections of hands and feet, and the shields, in various shapes and sizes. Because of the great cost of such armor, many soldiers retorted to simpler, more economic solutions, using helmets made of textiles and leather or hard cloth garments.

As for the offensive weapons, were divided into "aghemaha", for melee, and "ekibola", for hitting the enemy from a distance. To the first category belongs the sword, the main offensive weapon of the Byzantines, the spear, one of the most important weapons of the infantry units, the bat, used by the heavily armed cavalry, and the ax.

The bow was the greatest weapon for hitting from a distance. During the battles and sieges, not rarely, they threw arrows of fire. A bow of smaller size was the tube that shoot small arrows, while a particularly deadly weapon was tzangra, a short and very powerful bow, because of the way the arrows penetrated the armor of the enemy.

Another important category of weapons were the ones used in castle sieges. The besiegers, except of stairs and wooden bridges, used the ram, which demolished vulnerable sections of the walls, the petrovolon, hurling large stones, elepoleis, wooden wheeled towers, and the turtle, which helped soldiers to approach the walls, damage the stones or dig the ground creating tunnels.

As for the navy, the Byzantine ships were equipped with "XYLOKASTRO", from where warriors could blast missiles against enemy ships, and machines for throwing containers with liquid fire. During the battle small portable flamethrowers were also used, while toxovallistres hurled small arrows. Finally, shields and skins impregnated with water and placed on the sides of the ships, protected the warriors and ships from enemy incendiary materials.