The museum of Antibouniotissa
Kyra Antivouniotissa, a church
dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, is one of the best recognized and most
important monumental churches in the city of Corfu, and was in use from as early as the
15th century. The name Antivouniotissa comes from from Antivouni, the hill where
the church stands in the Kampielo area of Corfu
town. It is the oldest, most complete and best preserved example of an Ionian basilica.
The church complex at Antivouniotissa consists of the nave, three narthexes,
the precincts and bell tower, and a two-storey building to the
east. The church is simple and austere on the exterior, in stark contrast to
the sumptuous and imposing decoration inside. The main entrance is on the north
side. The body of the church is a single nave measuring 20 metres by 9,
classified as a tiled, timber-roofed saddleback basilica. The raised
sanctuary ends in three apses to the
east. The narthex is formed by a pi-shaped gallery with a lower sloping wooden
roof built around the north, west and south sides of the nave. This area and
the nave were used for burials, in accordance with the custom of the times. A women’s
gallery built over the western narthex belongs to a second phase. One characteristic feature
οf the interior
decoration in Antivouniotissa is the carved gilded ceiling attached to the
wooden roof, which shows influence from Venetian Baroque.
The church was privately owned, but was donated to the Greek government in 1979
on condition that it serve as a museum. The exhibition design was completed
following restoration work in 1984, 1994 and 1999-2000, and Antivouniotissa now
houses a substantial collection of icons and relics. This includes important
works by well-known and anonymous artists from the 15th to the 20th
century, fully representing six hundred years of religious expression and
artistic creation in Corfu and the wider Ionian Islands. As a church-cum-museum
it has never lost its sacred character, as feasts of the Virgin Mary are celebrated there twice a year,
on December 26th and August 23rd. Antivouniotissa is the only instance of a church-museum in
Greece, harmoniously
combining two functions
in the same monumental space.
Glossary (3)
basilica:
type of large church, divided internally into three or more naves. The central nave was usually covered by a raised roof with windows that illuminated the space.
narthex:
oblong reception area
extending
along
the western side
of a basilica. Originally the east portico
of the atrium,
it was later
incorporated into the
church, and served
as a waiting area for catechumens, who were not allowed to
attend the Divine
Liturgy.
timber-roofed basilica:
basilicas whose central nave was covered with timber saddleback roofs, with lean-to roofs on side naves. Internally they were divided into three, five, seven or rarely nine aisles. Also known as "Hellenistic style" basilicas, since they were mainly found in the Greco-Roman world.
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Bibliography (2)
1. Χονδρογιάννης Σ., Μουσείο Αντιβουνιώτισσας – Κέρκυρα, Thessaloniki, 2010
2. Μουσείο Αντιβουνιώτισσας ::: Επίσημος Ιστότοπος, http://www.antivouniotissamuseum.gr/
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